Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 80(2): 151-154. Fox J, Manitowabi D, Ward JA. Psychological Medicine, 18(3): 665-676. Rhode Island Medical Journal, 69(10): 457-461. The Air Force implemented an additional measure that departs from military tradition by extending limited patient privilege to those under legal investigation. Les interventions du Programme Triple P ont fait l’objet de nombreuses évaluations portant sur les différents niveaux d’intervention et sur les différents modes de prestation. 1989. Agence d'évaluation des technologies et des modes d'intervention en santé ... NIHR Health Services and Delivery Research programme NIHR Health Technology Assessment programme ... Home-Treatment in Child and Adolescent Psychiatry: An Analysis of the Effectiveness and … Contexte du programme. Helpline: Suicide prevention at a suicide site. The programme emphasizes behaviours and attitudes characterized by a combination of positive involvement from teachers and parents, firm limits to unacceptable behaviour (“we dont accept bullying in our class/school”), and consistent use of non-hostile non-corporal sanctions on rule violations. (pp. Health care providers should involve families in working to reduce access to means. Bond GR, Hite LK. Help-seeking behavior of Native American Indian high school students. Skopek MA, Perkins R. 1998. Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and Law, 27(3): 445-450. Suicide prevention researchers therefore have voiced concern about how funders and scientists have poured the bulk of their resources into more well-developed fields while communities continue to establish prevention efforts whose true effects remain largely unknown. Sciences, 25: 32-39. British Journal of Psychiatry, 168(1): 43-48. Saving Lives: Our Healthier Nation. Phillips DP. The rate of suicide by auto exhaust is, not surprisingly, related to the availability of automobiles (Marzuk et al., 1992; Ohberg et al., 1995; Ostrom et al., 1996). Social Science and Medicine, 38(3): 443-446. 1983. Reprinted by permission of the New York Academy of Sciences. Senior Air Force staff reinforce the perspective that suicide prevention is a community effort and regularly distribute notices to personnel regarding the problem of suicide within the Air Force (USAFMS, 2000). 2001b. Prevention and intervention trials must be carefully designed with appropriate controls and rigorously evaluated with long-term follow-up in order to know what works. Population-attributable risk expresses the proportion of an outcome that could be eliminated if the risk factor were removed. Murthy RS. Although each of these programs based their strategy on the scientific literature regarding suicide, they lack the means to determine accurately whether their methods have specifically affected suicide rates. 1992. Seattle: University of Washington. Instead, the overall suicide rates were similar in the two cities, albeit with a 10-fold higher rate of firearms suicides in Seattle. À partir de quel âge peut-on diagnostiquer un TDAH? view (15–30 min), and standardized social connections procedures (as in C-CARE) with parents and designated school personnel. For example, Birckmayer and Hemenway (1999) conclude in their review of minimum drinking age policies in each state from 1970 to 1990 that increases in the legal drinking age reduce not only motor vehicle deaths but also suicides. can, through cooperative efforts, mobilize health professionals and change service delivery, access to means, and public awareness regarding suicide. 221-241). These results suggest that the greater availability of firearms is particularly deleterious for younger people. Newspaper coverage of suicide is related to an increase in the rate of suicide, and the magnitude of the increase is proportional to the duration, prominence and amount of media coverage (Gould, 2001a). Université du Québec à Montréal. An effective school-based suicide prevention program was developed and implemented among the people of the Zuni Pueblo Tribe in western New Mexico (LaFramboise, 1996). Au jour le jour – Guide d’intervention pour venir en aide aux élèves ayant une DI. 265-273). Ces volets visent à favoriser le fonctionnement adaptatif des jeunes atteints d'un trouble anxieux. Pesticide poisoning: A major health problem in Sri Lanka. PHS (Public Health Service). Le programme vise le rétablissement de l’adolescent et offre une transition au retour à la maison tout en gardant un fonctionnement optimal. Several suggestions for reducing the lethality of this method have been raised: a brief computer administered screen for sobriety as a condition for starting the car; decreasing the amount of CO in exhaust through a catalytic converter; having the engine cutoff if idling for too long; and modification of the end of the exhaust tail pipe to make it impossible to put a hose on the end (Ostrom et al., 1996). Pride in Parenthood, a program for first-time parents including biweekly support group meetings for young parents in urban Norfolk, Virginia. Carbon monoxide suicide from car exhausts. Evaluation of a suicide prevention center by sampling the population at risk. A pilot suicidal awareness, identification, and prevention program. Copyright © 1992 Massachusetts Medical Society. United Nations. Two situations are compared to give a range of potential benefit (Table 8-4). They also stress that a strong anchoring of the prevention strategy with city administrators and politicians and within professional organizations ensures its continuation. Analysis of a national random survey of gun owners. 1989. The person who is likely to imitate a suicidal behavior. The project also fails to include policies on reducing access to means. It is very difficult to have broad population impact by focusing on a risk factor (as predictive of suicide as it might be) if it is itself a rare event. Zenere FJ 3rd, Lazarus PJ. Boyd JH. Rutz W, von Knorring L, Walinder J. Therefore, it would be an oversimplification to say that the increase in youth suicide, in the United States, or anywhere else in the world, is solely a function of increased firearms availability. The impact of a suicide prevention program for adolescents on suicidal tendencies, hopelessness, ego identity, and coping. however, have responded to the complex nature of suicide by developing comprehensive suicide prevention strategies that incorporate all levels of prevention methods. Recent meta-analyses report that studies conducted by clinically oriented investigators yield the strongest support for suicide imitation (cited in Schmidtke and Schaller, 2000). The firearms suicide rate and the overall suicide rate are related to the strictness of gun control laws and the prevalence of gun ownership (Boor and Bair, 1990; Killias, 1993; Lester, 1988; Lester and Murrell, 1986). Furthermore, it is critical that these interventions be assessed to determine if they can be applied to populations other than those in the original test and to define the characteristics that make a program generally effective. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 55(8): 344-348. The program was integrated into the language arts classes of the school rather than presented as a stand-alone course. Two limitations of the study are the absence of a “control” community where no change in legislation had occurred and the brevity of the observation (only 1 year pre- and post-legislation). CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention). As with injury control approaches, the creation of mechanical barriers on bridges could make jumping more difficult or impossible. Self-harm behavior and no-suicide contracting in psychiatric inpatient settings. 1999. 1986. Forster DP, Frost CE. 1994. La déficience intellectuelle peut affecter la capacité de réfléchir, de se concentrer, d’exposer des idées, de raisonner, de résoudre des problèmes, de … Nos projets de recherche touchent autant les déterminants de l’intégration sociale que les services offerts et les outils d’évaluation utilisés. After reviewing personnel surveys regarding behavioral health concerns, the Air Force has recently expanded its education program to include violence and homicide risk (Staal, 2001). To effectively reduce the incidence of suicide in the population, both the relative risk associated with a particular risk factor and its rate of occurrence within the population must be taken into consideration. seek. Do you want to take a quick tour of the OpenBook's features? Selective strategies address subsets of the total population, focusing on at-risk groups that have a greater probability of becoming suicidal. (pp. While vitamin D is known to be relevant for bone health, evidence has recently accumulated for an impact on mental health. An analysis by Brown (2001) demonstrates that high-risk, and therefore also low-prevalence conditions, are always linked with low population-atttributable risk4 (PAR) and population preventive effects5 (PPE) (see Table 8-3a,b). Rutz W, von Knorring L, Walinder J. Simon RI. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 29(3): 480-483. Groupe de thérapie pour adolescent(e )s Description générale du programme : Le programme s’adresse autant aux garçons qu’aux filles Principes de base à l’intervention : L’adolescent avec lequel nous travaillons possède une histoire de violence à la fois comme agresseur, comme témoin et/ou comme victime de violence. The chapter then explores examples of programs targeting specific populations and concludes with an analysis of an integrated approach for reducing the incidence of suicide in the broad population. Currently, Asian countries generally experience significant lack of basic mental health services, and often only have either the volunteer “Befrienders” services (see hotlines section) for those contemplating suicide or a few crisis centers staffed by volunteers. British Journal of Psychiatry, 169(1): 81-85. Boyd JH, Moscicki EK. The National Plan for Suicide Prevention 1994–1998. With the aim to continuously improve transparency and use of evaluation, UNICEF Evaluation Office manages the "Global Evaluation Reports Oversight System (GEROS)". They were released in August 2001, and the full text of these guidelines can be found on the sites of the partner organizations that developed them, including www.appcpenn.org and www.afsp.org. Refusal to sign a no-suicide contract does not necessarily indicate that the patient is in imminent danger of suicide, just as agreement to a contract does not mean that the risk of suicide and self-destructive behavior is lessened. Coordonne et participe au plan d’intervention (P.I.) Miller MC. This program is delivered in high school classrooms to small groups of 10 youths per teacher/ facilitator. Le phénomène de la fugue à l’adolescence : guide d’accompagnement et d’intervention. Depression Treatment in Primary Care Elderly: Preliminary Outcomes of the NIMH PROSPECT Collaborative. This approach arose from the concern of the indigenous administrators of the Zuni Tribal School District over a 20-year pattern of 2 suicides per year in their high school. The addition of methionine to prevent the hepatotoxic effects has been suggested but not yet evaluated. On estime qu’entre 30 % et 50 % des itinérants aurait des problèmes de santé mentale. The film’s objective involves helping students know about sources of help and understand that, when facing suicidal ideation, they are not alone. The program also initiated an AIDS hotline in English and Spanish to reach traditionally underserved populations at risk for suicide. 1987. First, the available data show either reductions (Bagley, 1968) or no change (Barraclough and Jennings, 1977; Lester, 1990) in suicide rates; no increased rates have been documented. Kalafat J, Ryerson DM. Phillips DP, Carstensen LL. Psychologic and behavioral disturbance among epileptic children treated with barbiturate anticonvulsants. 1994. 2000. [Online]. MyNAP members SAVE 10% off online. Brief, didactic suicide prevention programs with no connection to services should be avoided. The increasing rate of suicide by firearms. 1974. Wintemute GJ, Parham CA, Beaumont JJ, Wright M, Drake C. 1999. Long guns convey an increased risk to males, but not females, and handguns convey a particularly increased risk for females (Brent et al., 1993). Journal of American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 27(6): 675-687. Evaluation of indicated suicide risk prevention approaches for potential high school dropouts. Conversely, if a gun was not in the home, it was used as a method of suicide quite infrequently. Geneva: World Health Organization WHO Information Series on School Health. Local Action: Creating Health Promoting Schools. Adolescent suicide at an Indian reservation. An examination of the suicide rate by this means. AFSP (American Foundation for Suicide Prevention). psychiatric elements. There are over 350 Befrienders International Centers, associated with The Samaritans, in over 40 countries (see Scott, 2000), and there are over 1000 teen suicide hotlines alone in the United States as of 1992 (CDC, 1992). Phenobarbital treatment and major depressive disorder in children with epilepsy: A naturalistic follow-up. The day before his death, he asked his mother whether it would be better to stick a gun “in your mouth or in your temple?” He chose the latter, using a .357 Magnum that had been kept fully loaded, in his mother’s nightstand (Berman & Jobes, Adolescent Suicide: Assessment and Intervention, 1991:189). 1999. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Press. Geneva: World Health Organization WHO Information Series on School Health. As with the other programs reviewed here, despite apparent success, the Air Force has not established that this reduction in suicide follows directly from LINK’s implementation (Litts et al., 2000; USAFMS, 2000). “Booster” training every 2 to 3 years and mock assessment/intervention role-plays may be useful to maintain competence. Le Programme d’intervention intensive fournit des services de diagnostics et des services cliniques surspécialisés de santé mentale à des jeunes âgés de 13 à 17 ans qui ne répondent pas efficacement à leurs traitements. American Indian and Alaska Native Mental Health Research, 1(1): 52-69. A broad review (Garland et al., 1989) of 115 school-based programs in the United States found that generally short-term interventions were not effective among past suicide attempters, specifically, and suggested that they might actually be harmful because they provided inadequate time to deal with the issues raised. While firearms counseling has gained acceptance as an important component of health supervision, in reality this often fails to occur (Grossman et al., 1995). Imitation of suicides depicted in the media occurs. Quasi-experimental studies suggest that greater restrictiveness in gun control laws is associated with declines in firearms suicide, sometimes without compensatory method substitution (Loftin et al., 1991). 1985. Killias M. 1993. International correlations between gun ownership and rates of homicide and suicide. Evidence of imitation. Comment y accéder? One report suggested the efficacy of a crisis telephone line on a bridge. Self-poisoning—a complication of epilepsy. The impact of suicide in television movies. The Promotion of Wellness in Children and Adolescents. Glatt KM. L’objectif est de sélectionner et de qualifier les interventions les plus pertinentes - d’abord dans le contexte français, ensuite en l’élargissant aux interventions étrangères - puis de rendre compte du contenu et des conditions de mise en oeuvre, dans le but d’aider les décideurs et les acteurs locaux à choisir des interventions adaptées pour répondre à leurs besoins. Special Subcommittee on Indian Education. After implementing its comprehensive suicide prevention program, the Air Force saw a significant decrease in suicide rates among its active-duty personal, from 16.4 per 100,000 to 9.4 per 100,000 (p< 0.002) between 1994 and 1998 (Litts et al., 2000). Adolescence, 22(88): 813-825. Trois-Rivières, Québec : Emploi et Immigration Canada et Université ... Les personnes qui soutiennent les apprentissages de l’adolescent 345 . The impact of the Brady Act has been controversial. Évaluation de l’efficacité du programme d’intervention Check and Connect à l’école primaire. 2001. Preventing Mental Disorders. Changes were assessed at four time points, including a 9-month follow-up (Thompson et al., 2001). In S ... Utilisation de la remédiation cognitive comme stratégie d’intervention auprès d’enfants présentant des difficultés d ... Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 37(1), 184-214. Chichester, UK: John Wiley and Sons. Finally, they suggest that media professionals address suicide as an issue in its own right, reporting on stigma, treatments, and trends in suicide rates, rather than only in response to a tragedy (AFSP, 2001). Gould MS, Kramer RA. In: Jacobs DG, Editor. Valeurs Ouverture d’esprit, excellence, intégrité, transparence et équité. À quel âge peut-on commencer la médication? Washington, DC: National Academy Press. A significant aspect of Maryland’s youth suicide prevention plan involves funds for schools to develop prevention programs. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 60(Suppl 2): 70-74. Eastwood MR, Brill L, Brown JH. Finally, many of these broad prevention programs target multiple outcomes, so overall risk for suicide may be reduced by diminishing developmental risk through multiple pathways. 1973. Therefore, alteration in prescription practices to favor SSRIs over TCAs might result in a decline in deaths by overdose of antidepressants. Parents’ beliefs about preventing gun injuries to children. Suicide and prevention centres. Australia, for example, used UN/WHO guidelines, the Finland experience, and consultation with the State of Maryland to design a national youth suicide prevention strategy that has now expanded to the general population. Furthermore, the Air Force can routinely include suicide/mental health education into staff development and can form system-wide policies aimed at specific suicide-reduction efforts more quickly and with greater power to enforce such policies than the United States government as a whole. The suicide rate fell from a high of 173.1 per 100,000 in 1972–1976 to 21.5 in 1977–1980, but then rose again to 45.4 in 1981–1984 (May, 1987). Also, you can type in a page number and press Enter to go directly to that page in the book. Elle peut accueillir 15 jeunes. British Medical Journal, 318(7189): 972-977. L'état de mon enfant TDAH s'améliorera-t-il avec l'âge? Global School Health Initiative. d'intervention Programmes de développement des habiletés sociales. 2002. The introduction of blister packs as a method for dispensing acetaminophen was associated with a 21 percent reduction in overdoses and a 64 percent reduction in severe overdoses, whereas overdoses due to benzodiazepines, which were not subject to these restrictions, remained stable (Turvill et al., 2000). Therefore, it is unwise to assume that providing recommendations on removal of firearms from the home will automatically result in compliance. Canadian Psychiatric Association Journal, 22(8): 423-426. Reynolds CF, Schulberg HC, Bruce M, Alexopoulos GS, Katz IR, Mulsant BH. Suicide and self-destruction among American Indian youths. Social Science and Medicine, 38(3): 447-451. 1997. dentiality of mental health provider reports and to include data from Reservists, National Guard, and Department of Defense members. Social Science and Medicine, 38(3): 437-442. Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior, 23(2): 91-100. Because gun control is more restrictive in Canada, it was assumed suicide rates in Vancouver would be lower (Sloan et al., 1990). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office. The dramatic increase in the American youth suicide rate since 1960 is primarily attributable to an increase in suicide by firearms (see Figure 8-1a,b; Boyd, 1983; Boyd and Moscicki, 1986). During this time, the following developments have been observed in the area of suicide prevention (1) a proliferation of curriculum-based suicide prevention programs in schools (cf., Garland et al., 1989) accompanied by increased attention and concerns voiced over format, goals, theoretic orientation, and safety issues (Hazell and King, 1996) that led to improved methods and prevention program designs (cf., Breton et al., 1998; Kalafat and Ryerson, 1999; Orbach and Bar-Joseph, 1993); (2) increased efforts to undertake empirical research on suicide prevention, prompted by a 1990 US Congressional mandate, and accompanied by the rapid development of suicidology as a multidisciplinary subspecialty with national and international professional organizations, new journals, and the establishment of centers for the study and prevention of suicide (PHS, 1999; 2001); (3) a new precisely defined prevention framework that places prevention programs on a continuum of universal, selective, and indicated interventions (Gordon, 1987; IOM, 1994); (4) the emergence of research on suicide prevention programs designed to target higher risk populations (e.g., Eggert et al., 1995b; Thompson et al., 2001); (5) improved screening tools and measures of suicide and suicidal behaviors (e.g., Eggert et al., 1994; Pfeffer et al., 2000; Reynolds, 1991; Reynolds, 1998; Shaffer and Craft, 1999; Thompson and Eggert, 1999), and (6) key advances in research methods. School counselors who had completed SOAR as part of their district-wide training (48 percent in the last 3 years) were very knowledgeable about warning signs correctly identifying depression, previous attempts, low self-esteem and recent relationship breakups 87 percent of the time or better. Ce site respecte les principes de la charte HONcode. Objectifs des programmes d’intervention précoce. 2001a. Some studies indicate that imitation occurs (e.g., Gould et al., 1988; Hawton et al., 1999); others do not (e.g., Phillips and Paight, 1987); still others are inconclusive (Berman, 1988). Aucun effet d'intervention n'est observé par les enfants ayant reçu le programme inhibition. 1999. American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 9(3): 261-268. 2000. L'impact d'un programme d'intervention par la nature et l'aventure chez une clientèle hébergée en centre de réadaptation sur le sentiment d'accomplissement de soi, l'estime de soi et la relation familiale : une étude exploratoire. Bagley C. 1968. The lines above were composed after one of his suicide attempts. 2 1/2 à 4 ans. Pourquoi les délires sont-ils toujours dépeints comme négatifs et jamais amusants? Youth identified as being at risk, evidencing early warning signs of suicide risk, need indicated suicide prevention. A risk of using no-suicide contracts is that they may provide a false sense of security to the clinician and cause lessened diligence about the danger of suicide (Simon, 1999). Washington State Youth Suicide Prevention Program: Pathways to Enhancing Community Capacity in Preventing Youth Suicidal Behaviors. The media now indicate the status of smoke detectors when a fire is reported, for example. Share a link to this book page on your preferred social network or via email.

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