Daß bei Maurice Papon die Dinge anders liegen, räumen sogar der Staatsanwalt und die Nebenkläger ein. Mitterrand’s long-standing refusal to apologize on behalf of the French state for the atrocities committed during the Occupation was of greater significance. Die WELT als ePaper: Die vollständige Ausgabe steht Ihnen bereits am Vorabend zur Verfügung – so sind Sie immer hochaktuell informiert. 1. It’s eighty years today since the notorious Vichy regime took power in France under Nazi domination. Introduction : La France, un pays qui a une longue histoire Maurice Papon (French pronunciation: [mɔʁis papɔ̃, moʁ-]; 3 September 1910 – 17 February 2007) was a French civil servant who led the police in major prefectures from the 1930s to the 1960s, before he became a Gaullist politician. The Vichy regime in France was established on July 10, 1940, following the French surrender to Germany. Réponse favorite. Such officials included Papon, Bousquet, and above all, President François Mitterrand, who led the PS from 1971 until his death in 1995 and was a friend of the other two men. In July 1942, French police officers rounded up 13,000 “stateless” Jews in Paris and brought them to the Winter Velodrome. Mitterrand hielt seine schützende Hand selbst über den Generalsekretär der Polizei des Vichy-Regimes, René Bousquet, der für die Razzien gegen die … In 1991, Bousquet faced charges for his part in the Winter Velodrome atrocity, and for abolishing regulations that had protected some Jewish children from deportation. In October 1940, the first Jewish statute defined someone as being “of Jewish race” if they had three Jewish grandparents, or two Jewish grandparents and a Jewish spouse. The safe havens offered to a war criminal by the Catholic Church were a reminder, not merely of the Church’s role in the Dreyfus affair — when the political antisemitism later mobilized by twentieth-century fascism had first erupted — but also of the persistence of antisemitism in contemporary France. In den 70er Jahren war Papon Haushaltsminister unter Präsident Valéry Giscard d'Estaing. p. 309-315. The Vichy ruler dispensed with parliamentary democracy and engaged in a policy of collaboration with Nazi Germany, hailing it as a new beginning for France — a “National Revolution.” Charles Maurras, the ideologue of the antisemitic Action Française movement, welcomed these developments as a “divine surprise.”. Bordeaux - Mit dem 94. Il était socialiste. The Touvier episode shone a light in uncomfortable places. As secretary general to the Bordeaux police chief during the war, Papon had special responsibility for Jewish affairs, and oversaw the deportation of 1,600 Jews from Bordeaux to Auschwitz via Drancy. Why had it taken nearly fifty years for Bousquet’s role in the deportation of Jews to come to light? De mai 1956 à mars 1958, Papon est inspecteur général de l'administration en mission extraordinaire pour la région de l'Est algérien. L'une des révélations les plus dérangeantes du livre de Pierre Péan concerne les relations entretenues jusqu'en 1986 par François Mitterrand avec René Bousquet, secrétaire … We’ll discuss the last four chaotic years of US politics, what happened in November, and what to expect from the incoming Biden administration. After the Liberation, he took up posts in Morocco and Algeria, where he employed counterinsurgency methods involving torture, summary executions, and death squads in support of French colonial rule. But De Gaulle appointed him as a director of the state-run Sud Aviation company in 1967. Mitterrand, der bis zu seinem Tod jede Verantwortung des französischen Staats für Verbrechen der Vichy-Regierung ablehnte, hatte persönlich dafür gesorgt, dass 1987 ein … Unmittelbar vor der entscheidenden Runde der Präsidentenwahl 1981 zwischen Giscard d'Estaing und François Mitterrand machte das satirische Wochenblatt "Le canard enchai^né" die Sache publik. Paul Touvier had been a leading figure in the Vichy militia in eastern France from 1943. Jewish businesses were taken over or closed down. Marshal Philippe Pétain, a hero of the First World War for […]. Schon wegen seines hohen Alters und seiner schwachen Gesundheit wird Papon nicht hinter Gitter müssen. How France’s Vichy Regime Became Hitler’s Willing Collaborators, Get a $20 discounted print subscription today, The CIA’s Secret Global War Against the Left. Des milliers de livres avec la livraison chez vous en 1 jour ou en magasin avec -5% de réduction . Maurice Papon (French pronunciation: [moʁis papɔ̃]; September 3, 1910 – February 17, 2007) was a French civil servant, leading the police in major prefectures and in Paris during the Nazi Occupation of France and into the 1960s. Very few survived. Weitere Informationen: http://epaper.welt.de, Der Kurz-Link dieses Artikels lautet: https://www.welt.de/103758848. Papon was forced to stand down after the kidnapping and disappearance of the Moroccan politician Mehdi Ben Barka in 1965: Ben Barka was arrested by police officers in Paris, never to be seen again. Während des Krieges war Papon Generalsekretär der Präfektur des Departements Gironde und soll aktiv an der Deportation von französischen Juden in die deutschen Vernichtungslager mitgewirkt haben. … Er war für die französische Vergangenheitsbewältigung von großer Bedeutung. Ils ne cherchaient. Like Bousquet, Maurice Papon was a high-ranking civil servant. Gemeinsam mit ihrem Mann Serge brachte sie zahlreiche NS-Schergen vor Gericht, verfolgte die Schreibtischtäter und Schlächter des Holocaust. At the end of the war, Touvier went into hiding and received a death sentence in absentia for his part in the deportation and execution of Jewish prisoners. René Bousquet (French: [ʁəne buske]; 11 May 1909 – 8 June 1993) was a high-ranking French political appointee who served as secretary general to the Vichy regime police from May 1942 to 31 December 1943. After the Liberation, he was convicted of “national indignity” as part of the postwar purge, but he did not serve his five-year sentence because of his contribution to the resistance. Bousquet had been a state official at the Ministry of Agriculture before the war, and he was put in charge of secret-service files under the Popular Front administration. Benamou defended Mitterrand in spite of his protection of collaborators like René Bousquet and Maurice Papon - "Papon became a minister under Giscard d'Estaing; he was chief of police under de Gaulle. However, there has been no symbolic milestone for colonial memory to compare with Chirac’s apology for the crimes of Vichy. The Republic will topple no statues.” Although Macron is the first president to have publicly acknowledged systematic state torture by France during the Algerian War, he has described his position concerning the French role in Algeria and its other colonies as one of “neither denial nor repentance.”. As Paxton and Michael Marrus noted in their book Vichy France and the Jews, first published in 1981: When the Germans began systematic deportation and extermination of Jews in 1942, Vichy’s rival antisemitism offered them more substantial help than they found anywhere else in western Europe, and more even than they received from such allies as Hungary and Romania. included Papon, Bousquet, and above all, President François Mitterrand, who led the PS from 1971 until his death in 1995 and was a friend of the other two men. This applied with particular force to Vichy’s treatment of the Jewish population in France. Pétain and his entourage saw the defeat of France and the collapse of the Third Republic as a chance to wipe out the legacy of permissiveness and decadence represented by the left-wing Popular Front government of the 1930s and the French Revolution. Der Historiker Michel Bergès stieß bei der Untersuchung über das Verhalten der reichen Weinhändler von Bordeaux während der Besatzungszeit in den örtlichen Archiven auf Dokumente, die die Unterschrift Papons tragen. Our new issue –  on the incoming Biden administration – will be out soon. Vichy-style fascism wasn’t simply a German plant on French soil — it drew on powerful reactionary currents in French politics and society. Dies wird von der Verteidigung und von Papon selbst bestritten. Such officials included Papon, Bousquet, and above all, President François Mitterrand, who led the PS from 1971 until his death in 1995 and was a friend of the other two men. Other raids took place the following year across the south of France, and in eastern France in 1944. Mitterrand hielt seine schützende Hand selbst über den Generalsekretär der Polizei des Vichy-Regimes, René Bousquet, der für die Razzien gegen die Juden und andere unliebsame Ausländer verantwortlich war. À propos de Donald Trump et de « l’Année Mitterrand ». Who had protected him from scrutiny since then? Papon was charged with crimes against humanity in 1983, but it was 1997 before he finally stood trial, to be convicted in April 1998. The Republic has nothing to do with that. 16 réponses. In 2005, there was even a clumsy attempt to insist that school students be taught about the positive aspects of French colonialism. The Bousquet affair, and the revelations about his friendship with Mitterrand, drew attention to the Socialist president’s own role in the Occupation. 125: III. Daß der Prozeß gegen Papon überhaupt zustande kam, ist ein Zufall. De la barbarie, et des carences de la dénazification ainsi que de celles de la dévichysation. Bousquet et Papon avaient tous deux servi le régime de Vichy jusqu'au bout et tous deux directement participé à la déportation de Juifs, mais ils avaient aussi tous deux rendus des services à la Résistance. La reconnaissance progressive de la responsabilité de l'État français . He reasoned that Vichy had broken with the Republic, which therefore bore no responsibility for its crimes: I will not apologize in the name of France. Mitterrand et sa place dans la résistance. We never received satisfactory answers to these questions, because on June 8, 1993, a man named Christian Didier walked in from the street, knocked on Bousquet’s door, and shot him dead, later claiming it as a victory for good over evil. Le Canard enchaîné newspaper published an article titled "Papon, aide de camps. In April 1942, he became Vichy’s chief of police. Mitterrand’s flirtation with the far right during the 1930s, his employment by Vichy, and his receipt of the Francisque honor for services to the regime had not been secrets as such. Maurice Papon (* 3.September 1910 in Gretz-Armainvilliers, Département Seine-et-Marne; † 17. He was eventually convicted in 1994, becoming the first French person to be found guilty of crimes against humanity. Registrieren Sie sich kostenlos und erhalten Sie auf Ihre Interessen abgestimmte Inhalte sowie unsere vielseitigen Newsletter. Die Stabübergabe erfolgte beim Papon-Prozess, den "Arno vor einem Freispruch rettete". This “sublime half-lie,” as Henry Rousso dubbed it, formed the basis for postwar attempts at national reconciliation, symbolized in 1964 by the transfer of the remains of resistance hero Jean Moulin to the Pantheon in an elaborate two-day ceremony. Le passé parfois trouble du Président (Mazarine) Conclusion : La France se réveille douloureusement et commence a faire face à son passé parfois douteux. Sowohl Barbie als auch Touvier wurden verurteilt und sind inzwischen verstorben. On observe le cas encore 40 ans plus tard avec Mitterrand qui fit reculer le passage de Bousquet et Papon devant la justice pour, a t-il dit "garder la réconciliation française") -Passage "au travers" de nombreux ex-collaborateurs qui s'en sortirent bien. By the late 1970s, he had been appointed as minister for the budget in Raymond Barre’s government under President Valéry Giscard d’Estaing. Instead, the radicalization of the mainstream right in the twenty-first century has tended to cement a bullish refusal to come to terms with the crimes of empire. (Affaire Papon, Vichy, Pétain) 3.Les secrets de jeunesse de François Mitterrand. Sans doute est ce pour cela qu’elle n’a pas manifesté son dégout face aux relations Mitterrand –René Bousquet un des principaux responsables de la déportation des juifs de France. 2 - Maurice Papon, dans son livre " Les chevaux du pouvoir ", relate que ses conversations avec Jules Moch, qui fut deux fois son ministre, dépassaient le cadre du travail et de la subordination. (Affaire Papon, Vichy, Pétain) 3.Les secrets de jeunesse de François Mitterrand. LES ARCHIVES DU FIGARO - Le 8 octobre 1997, Maurice Papon, ancien haut fonctionnaire de Vichy, comparaît devant les assises de la Gironde pour crimes contre l'humanité. De Gaulle awarded him the Légion d’Honneur in July 1961 for his services to the French state. Die Art und Weise allerdings, wie ihn die Klarsfelds führten, wurde von Bernard-Henri Lévy bis Claude Lanzmann heftig kritisiert. Coming in the wake of the May 1968 revolt and the death of De Gaulle, Paxton’s book turned the study of Vichy on its head, with an impact matched by very few historical works, inspiring talk of a “Paxtonian revolution.” As Paxton himself has been careful to stress, it was May ’68 that had proved the decisive element here, as “students began challenging their elders’ reticence,” and the French started to confront “the dark side of their response to Nazi occupation.”, Collaboration, Paxton argued, was not merely a catastrophe forced upon France by military defeat, but part of an internal French conflict with a much longer history. - 1991 d'après la déclaration de dépôt légal. Maurice Papon : biography September 3, 1910 – February 17, 2007 Papon’s trial (1981–1998) Evidence of his responsibility in the Holocaust emerged in 1981, and throughout the 1980s he fought a string of legal battles. Apologists of the regime initially greeted Paxton’s Vichy France with hostility, but it has had a lasting influence on our understanding of collaboration. René Bous­quet was born to a rad­i­cal so­cial­ist no­tary in Mon­tauban, Tarn-et-Garonne. Help Us Stick Around for Many More. Sujet(s) : Bousquet, René (1909-1993) Voir les notices liées en tant que sujet Papon, Maurice (1910-2007) Voir les notices liées en tant que sujet ªEr machte seinen alten Freun … Maurice Papon (* 3. F. Mitterrand c'est la France des 35 heures ou celle de de la collaboration avec ses amis Papon et Bousquet? Papon wu§te viel, wohl auch ber Mit-terrand. Like Bousquet, Maurice Papon was a high-ranking civil servant. Bousquet’s assistant Jean Leguay was the first French citizen indicted for crimes against humanity, in 1979, but he died of cancer in 1989 before coming to trial. Et même plus respectable que l'ami de Mitterrand René Bousquet, qui, lui, avait les mains encore plus sales que Papon. Maurice Papon a certifié q'il ignorait que François Mitterrand avait gardé un contact avec René Bousquet après la guerre. He worked for the Popular Front government, then proved to be a loyal servant of Vichy and of the various postwar administrations of the Fourth and Fifth Republics. Der Papa hatte ihn gar nicht wirklich gewollt. Ils ne cherchaient pas à le savoir en tous les cas. Le procès Papon a été un événement médiatique considérable pour des raisons qui tiennent autant à sa place à part dans la « seconde épuration » qu’aux modifications de la compréhension globale du régime de Vichy qu’il a suscitées dans l’opinion publique. Pour minimiser les prises de position de F. Mitterrand opposé à l’ouverture du procès Bousquet et à celui de Maurice Papon, ses détracteurs ont toujours mis en avant ses liens d’amitié avec l’ancien Secrétaire Général de la Police. Forced to resign because of allegations of abuses, he became an industrial leader and Gaullist politician. But, in … Da auch Bousquets Bevollmächtigter für die besetzten Gebiete, Jean Legay, bereits 1989 das Zeitliche gesegnet hatte, war der Prozeß gegen den in der Hierarchie weit niedriger stehenden Maurice Papon die letzte Gelegenheit, Licht in das dunkle Kapitel der Vichy-Zeit zu bringen. : "Bousquet, Papon, Touvier, inculpés de crimes contre l'humanité". Kontroversen mit Fran^ois Mitterrand 491 Das Schicksal der Judenkartei 501 Touvier verhaftet, Bousquet angeklagt 504 Der Touvier-Prozess 509 In Pale gegen Karadzic und Mladic 514 Der Fall Papon 518 Beate 537 Kandidatin für das Amt des deutschen Bundespräsidenten 538 Serge 543 Die Frage des Raubes jüdischen Eigentums und Maurice Papon (French pronunciation: [moʁis papɔ̃]; 3 September 1910 – 17 February 2007) was a French civil servant, leading the police in major prefectures and in Paris during the Nazi Occupation of France and into the 1960s. Der Papon-Prozeß geht nicht nur wegen seiner langen Dauer in die Geschichte ein. Außerdem könnte er notfalls ein Revisionsverfahren verlangen. Réponse Enregistrer. Lv 6. il y a 2 jours. How had this been skated over at his 1949 trial? The regime enacted antisemitic laws of its own volition. Bousquet konnte sich aber auf seine Verbindungen verlassen: Freunden, an erster Stelle Staatspräsident Mitterrand, gelang es, das Verfahren bis 1993 hinzuschleppen. Marshal Philippe Pétain, a hero of the First World War for his role in the defence of Verdun, became the leader of the new regime, having been granted full powers by both chambers of parliament. 29 Petit-neveu du prsident Mitterrand, le dput sortant socialiste, Jrme Lambert, a t battu, dans la 3 e CIRC., par le RPR Henri de Riche-mont, maire d'Etagnac : le premier n'avait reu qu'une aide modeste de ses amis : 30000 F, de son parti : 66 000 F et de quelques trusts : 70 000 F (dont 50 000 F de Bouy-gues) ; le second gure plus: 76000 F d'amis fortuns, 172 000 F de son parti et 62 … For personal heroism, he had become a protégé of prominent officials before the war and rose rapidly in the government. Für sie käme ein Schuldspruch einem Justizirrtum gleich: Papon sei als Generalsekretär nur ein untergeordneter Funktionär gewesen; er habe von der "Endlösung" nichts gewußt. ERIC VII Toujours Vivant. Quand un ministre de Giscard faisait déporter des […] These sentences expired under the statute of limitations in the mid-1960s; in 1971, President Georges Pompidou granted him a pardon. Papon’s Exposure. Charles de Gaulle, leader of the Free French forces, propagated that myth, and historians echoed it for many years. René Bousquet (French: [ʁəne buske]; 11 May 1909 – 8 June 1993) was a high-ranking French political appointee who served as secretary general to the Vichy regime police from May 1942 to 31 December 1943. > > > Papon, Bousquet et Mitterrand : fin d'un « trio » infernal > > > > > Le décès de Maurice Papon, l'un des rares survivants proches de la > > > mort, évoqués hier dans mon post consacré aux mémoires sélectives, > > > tombe à point nommé pour rafraîchir précisément des mémoires « à The Vichy regime in France was established on July 10, 1940, following the French surrender to Germany. Mitterrand hatte als Student Seite an Sei-te mit Rechtsradikalen demonstriert, war Tr−ger des hıchsten Vichy-Ordens ªFran- cisqueÒ, bevor er sich der R”sistance an-schlo§,und pflegte — noch bis 1986 — bei ge-meinsamen Tafelfreuden Umgang mit dem Generalsekret−r der Vichy-Polizei, Ren” Bousquet. September 1910 in Gretz-Armainvilliers, Seine-et-Marne; † 17. Dans la nuit du 15 au 16 octobre 1959, Maurice Papon, préfet de police, prévient Danielle Mitterrand de l'attentat dont son mari a été l'objet. Évaluation. Papon, Bousquet et Mitterrand : fin d'un « trio » infernal. Februar 2007 in Pontault-Combault, Seine-et-Marne) war ein französischer Politiker, Nazi-Kollaborateur und Kriegsverbrecher. François Mitterrand ne tenait pas à ce procès de son vivant. desideriusminimus Actualité , Livres , Politique , Religion 12 janvier 2021 13 janvier 2021 14 Minutes Influential historical accounts, like Robert Aron’s Histoire de Vichy, depicted Pétain as a “shield” and De Gaulle as a “sword,” each of whom had been necessary in their different ways for the defense of French interests. Why was this the case? The terms of the armistice divided France into an occupied zone covering the north and west of the country, and the so-called free zone in the south. Les relations de l'homme avec ce courant politique ont défrayé les chroniques journalistiques et alimenté des rumeurs plus ou moins fondées. Nearly 2,000 of those deported were under six years old; over 6,000 were under thirteen. If we consider only Vichy … Papon, Bousquet et Mitterrand : fin d'un « trio » infernal Le décès de Maurice Papon, l'un des rares survivants proches de la mort, évoqués hier dans mon post consacré aux mémoires sélectives, tombe à point nommé pour rafraîchir précisément des mémoires « à géométrie variable » assurément avides de vengeances posthumes, mais It was something actively sought by the Vichy leaders, not a demand placed upon France by Germany. Henry Rousso examined the fixation with the period and the traumas associated with it in his book The Vichy Syndrome. Jim Wolfreys is the author of Republic of Islamophobia: The Rise of Respectable Racism in France and coauthor of The Politics of Racism in France. There was also the question of other complicities underpinning the failure of state institutions, from the police to the presidency, to bring Touvier to justice in the fifty years since he had first ordered the execution of seven Jewish prisoners. Dies ist nicht zuletzt Mitterrand zuzuschreiben, der selbst kurze Zeit der Vichy-Regierung angehört hatte und keine Veranlassung sah, die Vergangenheit aufzurühren. Working closely with Carl Oberg, head of the German police and SS in occupied France, Bousquet oversaw more than 60,000 deportations to the death camps between 1942 and 1943. His case, it was assumed, would put Vichy on trial, and raise all the difficult unanswered questions about the continuities between that regime, the prewar Third Republic that came before it, and the postwar Fourth and Fifth Republics that followed in its wake. The authorities restricted Jewish employment in the army, the public sector and liberal professions, and granted prefects permission to put foreign Jews under police surveillance or intern them in camps. Bei Schuldspruch Haftverschonung - Frankreich arbeitet dunkle Vergangenheit auf - Juden-Deportation. Police delays and the indulgence of some Catholic clergy, who provided him with safe houses, meant that he was not arrested until 1989, having been eventually found in the Priory of St Francis in Nice. Als ob es für sie um ein letztes … Papon eventually became a Gaullist deputy and mayor and the treasurer of the Gaullist UDR Party. Je crois que ni De Gaulle ni Mitterrand - qui entretenait des liens avec Bousquet - ne connaissaient le passé de Papon. Details of his wartime role only became public in 1981, when the magazine Le Canard enchaîné published documents uncovered by the historian Michel Bergès. He worked for the Popular Front government, then proved to be a loyal servant of Vichy and of the various postwar administrations of the Fourth and Fifth Republics. Während der Vertreter der Anklage nicht die Höchststrafe, sondern 20 Jahre Gefängnis gefordert hatte, plädierte gestern Papons Hauptverteidiger Jean-Marc Varaut auf Freispruch. He went on to enjoy a successful career with the Banque de l’Indochine and the Depêche du Midi newspaper, cultivating friendships with various leading political figures, notably François Mitterrand. Introduction : La France, un pays qui a une longue histoire In October 1961, Papon took charge of the repression of an Algerian pro-independence demonstration in Paris that went ahead in defiance of the curfew he had imposed. Catalyst, a new journal published by Jacobin, is out now. In total, 76,000 Jews were deported from France to the concentration camps, most of them passing through the Drancy detention center outside Paris. Februar 2007 in Pontault-Combault, Département Seine-et-Marne) war ein französischer Beamter und Politiker (UDR, RPR).. Während des Zweiten Weltkriegs war er ein hoher Beamter des Vichy-Regimes.Während der deutschen Besetzung Frankreichs kollaborierte er und war für die … Already on our list? Macron himself spoke of the danger that “communitarianism” would lead anti-racism into a hateful, false rewriting of the past: “The Republic,” he declared, in terms that recalled Mitterrand’s aversion to any apology for Vichy, “will not erase any trace or any name from its history. Bad Judgment at Bordeaux. Publication ... Bousquet, René (1909-1993)-- Procès Voir les … Mitterrand doit à Bousquet de ne pas avoir été arrêté par la … Opvallend was dat Mitterrand de berechting van Bousquet probeerde te voorkomen, terwijl hij zich niet verzette tegen de vervolging van Maurice Papon. After law stud­ies, he began his ca­reer as chief of the cab­i­net of the [préfet] error: {{lang}}: text has italic markup (help) for Tarn-et-Garonne. Maurice Papon (French pronunciation: ​ [mɔʁis papɔ̃, moʁ-]; 3 September 1910 – 17 February 2007) was a French civil servant who led the police in major prefectures from the 1930s to the 1960s, before he became a Gaullist politician. L'ancien ami de René Bousquet fut décoré de la Francisque en 1943, décoration suprême accordée par le Maréchal Pétain. Romain Bousquet SLONE 0CIl9doGOHJYaRo0WVOkAL Albatros Music Together 0CJ70PWgfX0WQdMZ5AC8kv Symphony-Concerto in E Minor, Op. Index. School textbooks depicted wartime France as a nation of resisters who had refused to collaborate with the occupier. Papon eventually became a Gaullist deputy and mayor and the treasurer of the Gaullist UDR Party. Andante con moto - Allegretto - Allegro marcato Sergei Prokofiev Ivan Monighetti 0CMKoQamUyQYukSx2uccow Люди-птицы Александр Перлов Александр Перлов,группа Том Сойер … He was a center-left civil servant, not a far-right activist or an antisemitic agitator. €€€Like Martine Aubry, Ségolène Royal, Lionel Jospin, and virtually the … Les relations entre François Mitterrand et l'extrême droite sont le thème d'un certain nombre d'ouvrages de la fin des années 1990. Maurice Papon (* 3.September 1910 in Gretz-Armainvilliers, Département Seine-et-Marne; † 17. Certains veulent faire de Papon le symbole de la collaboration, mais en fait, Papon paye pour Bousquet, voire pour Mitterrand. Crimes contre l'Humanité : Barbie, Touvier, Bousquet, Papon, Robert Badinter, Sorj Chalandon, Pascale Nivelle, Plon (réédition numérique FeniXX). He served under the head of the Gestapo in Lyon, Klaus Barbie, who was convicted of crimes against humanity in 1987. Réserver vos places et documents sur le site François-Mitterrand. Papon’s career as a state functionary highlighted a disparity between France’s reckoning with its collaborationist past and its amnesia about the colonial record. 69 Beziehungen. Collaborators like Roland Gaucher, former editor of the FN newspaper National-Hebdo, saw “no contradiction” between working with Marcel Déat’s collaborationist Rassemblement National Populaire in the 1940s and Le Pen’s FN half a century later. Der todkranke François Mitterrand hat 1994 in einem erstaunlichen Interview über seine Jugendjahre das letzte Tabu gebrochen, das es in Sachen Vichy noch gab. 16 Papon’s immediate superior, the regional prefect of the Bordeaux area, Maurice Sabatier, also faced prosecution in the 1980s but died before an indictment could be completed. Bereits zu Beginn des Prozesses vor sechs Monaten wurde ihm Haftverschonung gewährt. François MITTERRAND s'est expliqué lors de son interview diffusé hier soir, lundi 12 septembre, sur FRANCE 2 à propos de son engagement à Vichy et de ses liens ultérieurs avec René BOUSQUET, l'ancien secrétaire général de la police de Vichy. Vichy France: Old Guard and New Order, 1940–1944, When “Anti-Populism” Makes the Far Right Mainstream. François Mitterrand s’est d’ailleurs clairement exprimé sur le cas des hauts fonctionnaires de Vichy, en prenant l’exemple de Bousquet, au cours d’une interview avec Olivier Wieviorka, en janvier 1993 : In its wake came a wealth of studies of the occupation, including those by Philippe Burrin, Rod Kedward, John F. Sweets, Pascal Ory, Jean-Pierre Azéma, and Bertram Gordon. Ses relations avec Bousquet ont peut être joué, mais personne mieux que François Mitterrand… More recently, when Black Lives Matter protests erupted in June 2020, and activists in France expressed their anger at statues commemorating figures associated with slavery and colonialism, President Emmanuel Macron’s advisers cautioned against the imposition of a “binary” vision of history, warning that an “imported, intersectional” conception of memory was incompatible with a “Republican memory” shared by all. In 1994, when Mitterrand was still in office, Pierre Péan’s book Une Jeunesse Française detailed his record of political engagement before he became involved in the resistance toward the end of the war. From July 1940, it reviewed the cases of people naturalized as French by legislation passed in 1927: more than 15,000 people lost French citizenship in this way, 6,000 of whom were Jews. But these revelations still came as a shock to the French public, and obliged Mitterrand to subject himself to a television interview about his past. We’re Celebrating Our 10th Anniversary. He worked for the Popular Front government, then proved to be a loyal servant of Vichy and of the various postwar administrations of the Fourth and Fifth Republics. Some historians have argued that his trial marked a turning point, shifting attention away from remembrance of Vichy toward remembrance of Algeria.

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