Ce site utilise Akismet pour réduire les indésirables. Even then his comments were apparently restricted to the particular problem of latitude theory in Ptolemaic astronomy. ), Muslim astronomer, mathematician, ethnographist, anthropologist, historian, and geographer. Né dans une famille iranienne, Al Biruni a passé les vingt-cinq premières années de sa vie à Kath, en bordure sud de la mer dAral. He also travelled to South Asia or Central Asia (modern day Afghanistan) with Mahmud of Ghazni (whose son a… Hummingbird5356 on November 11, 2016: Iran is the modern name for Persia. Certes, al-Biruni n’est pas un explorateur de le trempe des Vikings, qui en l’an 100 ont posé le pied en Amérique sans se rendre compte de leur déouverte, ou de Christophe Colomb. 1973 Soviet Stamp commemorating Al Biruni Mapping an area of land under jurisdiction has always been a priority of empires. Biografi Al Biruni. The Life of Al-Biruni (973-1048 AD) Abu Rayhan Muhammed ibn Ahmad al-Biruni was born just before sunrise on 4 September 973. A universal genius that lived in the Central Asia a thousand of years ago, al-Biruni “was so far ahead of his time that his most brilliant discoveries seemed incomprehensible to most of the scholars of his days”, so wrote Bobojan Gafurov in his … In it he not only defended the role of the mathematical sciences against the attacks of religious scholars who could not understand the utility of the mathematical sciences but also detailed all that one needed to know about determining longitudes and latitudes on land. After all those disciplines were clearly laid out in question-and-answer format, al-Bīrūnī then allowed his patron to venture into astrology proper—but not before warning her that he himself thought little of the subject. L’homme qui dit avoir découvert le virus du SIDA l’a t’il inventé ?. Almost half of the titles were on astronomical and mathematical subjects. Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. Al-Bīrūnī, Afzal Muḥammad ibn Aḥmad Abū al-Reḥān (né le 4, ou le 15 septembre 973 à Kath, Khwarezm, Grand Iran — ville de l'actuel Ouzbékistan, mort le 13 décembre 1048, ou vers 1052 à Ghazni) est un érudit persan. Taken together, these two works preserve the best premodern description of the cultures al-Bīrūnī came to know. Votre adresse de messagerie ne sera pas publiée. Ce n'est pas parce que c'est banal que c'est normal. À Djurdjan, à la cour du sultan ziyāride Abū l-Ḥasan Ḳābūs, il composa son premier ouvrage traitant de divers sujets : calendriers et ères, problèmes mathématiques, astronomiques, météorologiques…. Il peut alors se pencher sur le problème de la détermination de sa circonférence exacte. “Al-Biruni.” Islamic Culture 5/6 (1931/1932): 343-351, 363-369. Accueil Actualités Abu Rehan Al-Biruni aurait découvert l'Amérique. In 1017 A.D., Sultan Mahmud, ruler of a great empire in what is now Afghanistan and Iran, brought to his court at Ghazna many of the most brilliant scholars of the Islamic world. Abu Ar Rayhan Muhammad bin Ahmad al-Biruni, atau dikenal dengan nama al- Biruni ini terlahir menjelang terbitnya fajar tanggal 4 September 973 M di Kath, sebuah kota di sekitar wilayah aliran sungai Oxus, Khwarizm (Khiva, Uzbekistan). Né en 973 dans un faubourg de Kath (actuel Ouzbékistan) Al-Bīrūnī, Afzal Muḥammad […] For example, al-Bīrūnī developed new algebraic techniques for the solution of third-degree equations, drew a subtle distinction between the motion of the solar apogee and the motion of precession, and explored many other applied mathematical techniques to achieve much higher precision and ease of use of tabulated astronomical results. By his own admission, in a poem preserved in a medieval biographical dictionary, al-Bīrūnī claims that he did not know his own father, much less his family origins. Prévenez-moi de tous les nouveaux articles par e-mail. Pourtant, il pourrait être considéré comme un découvreur de l’Amérique. Après la conquête du pays par le sultan Gh̲aznawide Maḥmūd b. Subuktakīn, al Biruni est fait prisonnier et emmené à Ghazna en Sidjistan (Afghanistan actuel) entre 1016 et 1017. Au Danemark, une femme imame combat l’extrémisme et défend un “féminisme musulman”. Il place alors tous les endroits connus … He was born in Khwārezm, in the region beyond the ancient Oxus River (the river now known as the Amu Darya), and he was educated by a Khwārezm-Shāh prince, Abū Naṣr Manṣūr ibn ʿIrāq, a member of the dynasty that ruled the area and possibly a patron of al-Bīrūnī. Prévenez-moi de tous les nouveaux commentaires par e-mail. En réalité il va accompagner le sultan dans ses expéditions militaires. For example, he raised questions about the formation of mountains and explained the existence there of fossils by positing that Earth was once underwater. Nama Biruni adalah nama bagus dan indah untuk anak bayi laki-laki islam. Après la conquête du pays par le sultan Gh̲aznawide Maḥmūd b. Subuktakīn, al Biruni est fait prisonnier et emmené à Ghazna en Sidjistan (Afghanistan actuel) entre 1016 et 1017. Né dans une famille iranienne, Al Biruni a passé les vingt-cinq premières années de sa vie à Kath, en bordure sud de la mer d’Aral. Officiellement on lui assigne le statut d’astrologue de la cour. Besides being a challenging mathematical problem, determining the direction of Mecca is a religious requirement for the performance of the ordained five daily prayers in Islam. Al-Biruni a beau revendiquer le titre de “découvreur virtuel” des Amériques, le saint irlandais Brendan de Clonfert aurait, selon certains récits, rallié le Nouveau Monde bien plus tôt. Polygotte, il choisit de rédiger ses traités scientifiques en arabe, en alternant cependan… Al Jazari, le savant musulman qui a inventé la robotique moderne. He was born in Khwarazm, then part of the Samanid Empire (modern Khiva, Uzbekistan). Al Biruni maitrise parfaitement le persan, l’arabe et le chorasmien, la langue de la dynastie sunnite qui régnait alors sur une grande partie de l’Iran. Updates? Né vers 484, le moine Brendan, dit “le Navigateur”, se hasarde vers 544 dans l’Atlantique, en quête du jardin d’Eden. Of his own personal background even less is known. In the latter work, for example, is the most elaborate treatment of the Jewish calendar—more extensive than any surviving medieval Hebrew source and much more scientifically reasoned than any other treatment that this calendar had received up to that time. Only a minuscule number of his output, 22 titles, has survived, and only about half of that has been published. By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. Al-BIRUNI'S INDIA by Edward C. Sachau. Des maths (mais pas seulement) pour mes élèves (et les autres). His early patronage by the Khwārezm-Shāhs did not seem to have lasted long, for one of their subordinates rebelled against his master and killed him, thus causing a civil war (c. 996–998) that forced al-Bīrūnī to flee and seek patronage from the more formidable Sāmānid dynasty, which ruled the vast eastern lands of Islam, comprising what is now eastern Iran and much of Afghanistan. Original et réfléchi, il étudia les mathématiques, physique, astronomie, sciences naturelles… tout en étant un homme de lettres érudit, habile chronologue, linguiste confirmé, astucieux géographe et historien. Dec 17, 2014 - five hundred years before the Renaissance. Al-Biruni was well-known in the Muslim world. Arti Nama Biruni – Apa arti nama Biruni dalam islam? Al-Bīrūnī also dedicated his Al-Āthār al-bāqiyyah ʿan al-qurūn al-khāliyyah (The Chronology of Ancient Nations) to Qābūs. Il y a environ mille an, au XI siècle, vivait à la cour de Ghazna en Afghanistan Afzal Muhammad ibn Ahmad Abū al-Rayhān al Biruni, le plus grand savant de son époque. Its expressive title, Taḥqīq mā li-l-hind min maqūlah maqbūlah fī al-ʿaql aw mardhūlah (“Verifying All That the Indians Recount, the Reasonable and the Unreasonable”), says it all; it includes all the lore that al-Bīrūnī could gather about India and its science, religion, literature, and customs. Al-Bīrūnī, Afzal Muḥammad ibn Aḥmad Abū al-Reḥān1 (né le 42,3 ou le 154 septembre 973 à Kath, Khwarezm, Grand Iran ville de l'actuel Ouzbékistan, mort le 13 décembre 10483,4 ou vers 10522 à Ghazni) est un érudit persan. Les champs obligatoires sont indiqués avec *. « Ils s’engagent », série vidéo sur les actions citoyennes de lutte contre l’extrémisme, politique et religion, brève histoire du wahhabisme, Covid_19, s’engager contre les fausses informations, “Sens critique”: un atelier créatif d’encouragement à l’esprit critique, est-il le premier homme à avoir découvert l’Amérique. (He also raised these questions in his book on India). ), Muslim astronomer, mathematician, ethnographist, anthropologist, historian, and geographer. Among them was Alberuni (or Al Biruni), who was renowned as a mathematician, astronomer, and political philosopher. Maḥmūd took Ghazna as his capital in 998 and demanded that both al-Bīrūnī and Avicenna join his court. Ces dernières, couplées à ses propres observations vont lui permettre de déduire que la Terre est ronde. Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. Il s’agirait d’Abu Rhan al-Biruni, un astrologue, voyageur et physicien, nous apprend le magazine mensuel britannique History Today. Or la Terre est bien en équilibre, alors qu’y a-t-il sur le reste de la planète ? He studied mathematics and astronomy under Abu Nasr Mansur. Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. Génie de l’époque médiévale, il excellait dans un large spectre de disciplines. Al-Biruni (Kath, Corasmia, 15 de setiembre del 973 - Gazni, 13 d'avientu de 1048) foi un matemáticu, astrónomu, físicu, filósofu, viaxeru, historiador y farmacéuticu persa.. Foi unu de los intelectuales más destacaos del mundu islámicu. He also travelled to South Asia or Central Asia (modern day Afghanistan) with Mahmud of Ghazni (whose son a… Nous ne nous tairons pas. Dénoncer le harcèlement, c'est s'exposer à environ 10 fois plus de harcèlement sexiste. Please select which sections you would like to print: Corrections? Some of the mathematical works of this prince were written especially for al-Bīrūnī and are at times easily confused with al-Bīrūnī’s own works. At Qābūs’s court, al-Bīrūnī met the famous philosopher-scientist Ibn Sīnā (Avicenna) and exchanged with him a philosophical correspondence that did not lack jealousies and slighting. He was a colleague of the fellow philosopher and physician Abū Alī ibn Sīnā (Avicenna), the historian, philosopher and ethicist Ibn Miskawayh, in a university and science center established by prince Abu al-Abbas Ma’mun Khawarazmshah. Al-Bīrūnī, in full Abū al-Rayḥān Muḥammad ibn Aḥmad al-Bīrūnī, (born Sept. 4, 973 ce, Khwārezm, Khorāsān [now in Uzbekistan]—died c. 1052, Ghazna [now Ghaznī, Afg. Être une femme sur internet, c'est s'exposer à du harcèlement sexiste. En savoir plus sur comment les données de vos commentaires sont utilisées. The Ghaznavid and Seljuq periods produced first-rate scholars such as al-Bīrūnī (died 1048) who, writing in Arabic, investigated Hinduism... Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. His book on Indian culture is by far the most important of his encyclopaedic works. Al-Biruni penned his work named ‘Kitab Al-Tafhim li-awa il sina at al-tanjim’ (Elements of Astrology) is till date the most wide-ranging dealing of the subject. Selain tergolong dalam nama bayi islami dari asal bahasa Arab, unik nya kata ini ada pada arti dan maksud nama Biruni yang memiliki makna Nama ulama besar juga seorang ilmuwan, banyak menulis tentang ilmu perbintangan, matematika, dan geografi. . Actualités International. Under the pretext of teaching astrology, he devoted almost two-thirds of this voluminous work to teaching his patron, the otherwise obscure Rayḥānah for whom the book was written, elementary mathematics, astronomy, geography, chronology, and the making of the astrolabe as an observational instrument. He said this in the context of demonstrating his total disgust with flattery, even when it was being directed at him. After a period in which al-Bīrūnī undertook extensive travels—or rather escapes from wars, and a constant search for patrons—the entire domain of the Sāmānids fell under the brutal reign of Maḥmūd, son of Sebüktigin. George Sarton, the founder of the History of Science discipline, defined al-Biruni as “one of the very greatest scientists of Islam, and, all considered, one of the greatest of all times”[1,2]. Despite the fact that most people believed that astrology was “the fruit of the mathematical sciences,” as al-Bīrūnī called it, his personal opinion of the discipline was “as weak as that of its least adherents.” However, he was fully aware of the importance of astrology as a tool for teaching mathematical and astronomical disciplines. In his search for…, …as the scholar and scientist al-Bīrūnī or the poet-mathematician Omar Khayyam. In the introduction to his book on pharmacology, he wrote about the importance of language in identifying drugs and in that context took an excursion into the relative worth of languages. Non, le maquillage n’est pas haram en Islam ! He was born in Khwarazm, then part of the Samanid Empire (modern Khiva, Uzbekistan). He was a scientist, an anthropologist, an astronomer, an astrologer, an encyclopedist, mathematician, pharmacist, philosopher, and historian. However, it is impossible Fusillade à Grasse : pour la fachosphère, le tireur est forcément “musulman”. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). Adding all the titles in the index, as well as those found later, brings his total production to 146 titles, each averaging about 90 folios. However, he lived well into his seventies, and, since some of his surviving works are not mentioned in this index, the index is a partial list at best. He studied mathematics and astronomy under Abu Nasr Mansur. Sur la nouvelle carte du monde qu’il imagine, il place tous les endroits connus de son époque et s’aperçoit qu’il n’est pas possible que la Terre, avec la forme qu’il lui a attribuée, puisse garder son équilibre. His Al-Tafhīm li-awāʾil ṣināʿat al-tanjīm (“Elements of Astrology”) is still the most comprehensive treatment of the topic as it was then known. My profile of El Anatsui, whose greatness goes far beyond his famous bottle-cap sculptures, in this week’s @NewYorker https://t.co/BbuA2zT6al. Even though al-Bīrūnī was possibly the unwilling guest of a merciless warrior, he still made use of the occasion to pen the acute observations about India that would earn him fame as an ethnographer, anthropologist, and eloquent historian of Indian science. The Ghaznavid and Seljuq periods produced first-rate scholars such as al-Bīrūnī (died 1048) who, writing in Arabic, investigated Hinduism and gave the first unprejudiced account of India—indeed, of any non-Islamic culture. A short while after al-Bīrūnī found refuge in the Sāmānid capital of Bukhara, a prince of another local dynasty, Qābūs ibn Voshmgīr, was also dethroned and sought help from the Sāmānids to regain his throne. Al-Bīrūnī, in full Abū al-Rayḥān Muḥammad ibn Aḥmad al-Bīrūnī, (born Sept. 4, 973 ce, Khwārezm, Khorāsān [now in Uzbekistan]—died c. 1052, Ghazna [now Ghaznī, Afg. Si Kaddour Ben Ghabrit, le “Juste” musulman de la Mosquée de Paris. Al-Bīrūnī did not seem to have any interest in the subject of astronomical cosmology, a subject usually broached by authors of a genre of Islamic astronomical literature called hayʾah texts that were much in the tradition of Ptolemy’s Planetary Hypotheses but often critical of that tradition. Voici ce que je reçois depuis hier. There is only one hint, in a book known only by its title from other sources, Ibṭāl al-buhtān bi-īrād al-burhān (Disqualifying Falsehood by Producing Proof), that he ever approached such speculative cosmological questions. AL BIRUNI: PERSIAN SCHOLAR, LINGUIST AND ASTROLOGER Abu al-Rayhan Mohammad ibn-Ahmad Al-Biruni, known simply as Al Biruni, was one of the greatest scientists and scholars of the Islamic Golden Age, having a stature roughly equivalent to that of Al-Razi and Ibn Sina, or Avicenna. Professor of Arabic and Islamic Science, Department of Middle East and Asian Languages and Cultures, Columbia University, New York, N.Y. Là, il reçut des enseignements fondamentaux comme les mathématiques par des maîtres de cette discipline et commença à correspondre avec le jeune Ibn Sina, connu en Occident sous le nom d’Avicenne. Omissions? Abu Rehan Al-Biruni aurait découvert l'Amérique. Officiellement on lui assigne le statut d’astrologue de la cour. His relatively minor works are only minor in size, for they are at least as sophisticated as his major works. En réalité il va accompagner le sultan dans ses expéditions militaires. jonnycomelately on April 30, 2016: Nevertheless, he managed to become the most original polymath the Islamic world had ever known. His birthplace was the city of Kath (modern day Khiva) situated on the River Oxus in what was then the Principality of Khwarizm and is now Uzbekistan. Le processus intellectuel par lequel il arrive à cette conclusion est époustouflant, pendant 30 ans il n’a eu de cesse de travailler sur ces questions pour arriver à cette conclusion. He posed as an outsider to both Arabic and Persian as he evaluated their scientific utility, and he enunciated his now famous personal preference “to be criticized in Arabic rather than be praised in Persian.”. The rest of the book details all the various projections of astrolabe parts, mainly retes (star projections), that al-Bīrūnī was familiar with or could imagine. Channel Al-Biruni ID adalah channel edukasi dan hiburan bagi masyarakat Indonesia. https://www.britannica.com/biography/al-Biruni, MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive - Biography of Abu Arrayhan Muhammad ibn Ahmad al-Biruni, al-Biruni - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up). C’est à ce moment qu’il découvre l’Inde et qu’il rédigera l’un des plus importants ouvrage sur l’Inde et de ses religions. Les sites qui diffusent le plus de fake news, selon Les Décodeurs, Sois jeune et tais toi : une affiche de mai 68. Biruni avait étudié Ptolémée et ses contemporains. Mathématicien, astronome, physicien, encyclopédiste, philosophe, astrologue, voyageur, historien, pharmacologue et précepteur, il contribua grandement aux domaines des mathématiques, philosophie, m… The Taḥdid nihāyāt al-amākin li-taṣḥīḥ masāfāt al-masākin (“Determination of the Coordinates of Places for the Correction of Distances Between Cities”) is al-Bīrūnī’s masterpiece in mathematical geography. Al-Biruni's only direct contribution to cartography was a sketch map showing this distribution. Furthermore, in a perfect al-Bīrūnī manner, each work contains extremely original comments on seemingly unrelated subjects. In both cases he treated these matters with a scientific objectivity that matches the modern explanation. Ring in the new year with a Britannica Membership. par Redaction 1 janvier 2014. écrit par Redaction 1 janvier 2014. Little is known of his early life. Muhammed Ibn Ahmed Abu Raiham Al Biruni, a fost un enciclopedist arab. 1973 … En l’an 1031, Al Biruni en est convaincu : il existe un autre continent sur lequel les hommes de son époque n’ont pas encore posé pied. Selon certains scientifiques, Christophe Colomb ne serait pas le premier homme à avoir découvert le continent américain. Al Biruni n’y posa jamais un orteil. Alors Al Biruni est-il le premier homme à avoir découvert l’Amérique, quelques quatre siècle avant Christophe Colomb ? Là, il reçut des enseignements fondamentaux comme les mathématiques par des maîtres de cette discipline et commença à correspondre avec le jeune Ibn Sina, connu en Occident sous le nom d’Avicenne. Lecteur attentif des écrits grecs, Al Biruni était déjà familier des hypothèses de Ptolémée. Al-Bīrūnī, Afzal Muḥammad ibn Aḥmad Abū al-Reḥān [1] (né le 4 [2], [3] ou le 15 [4] septembre 973 à Kath, Khwarezm, Grand Iran — ville de l'actuel Ouzbékistan, mort le 13 décembre 1048 [3], [4] ou vers 1052 [2] à Ghazni) est un érudit persan. A.C. Sparavigna - The Science of al-Biruni – Dec 2013 3 Figure 1 - Al-Biruni’s method to measure the radius of the Earth, from Ref.13 As discussed in [12], al-Biruni considered the world, that is the universe, had come into existence in time, as Muslims believed, and then it was not eternal like Aristotle told. His only other competing encyclopaedic work, in terms of depth and extent of coverage, is The Chronology of Ancient Nations, which is devoted to a universal anthropological account of various cultures and which even records the lore of long-dead cultures or of other cultures that were about to disappear. He served more than six different princes, all of whom were known for their bellicose activities and a good number of whom met their ends in violent deaths. His Istīʿāb al-wujūh al-mumkinah fī ṣanʿat al-asṭurlāb (“Exhaustive Book on Astrolabes”) discusses the possibility of Earth’s motion, as a consequence of a particular case of one astrolabe projection, only to dismiss it quickly as philosophical speculation that should not preoccupy the practical astronomer and applied mathematician. Al-Bīrūnī’s Maqālīd ʿilm al-hayʾah (“Keys to Astronomy”), Al-jamāhir fī maʿrifat al-jawāhir (“Gems”), Kitāb al-ṣaydanah (“Pharmacology”), and Ifrād al-maqāl fī amr al-ẓilāl (The Exhaustive Treatise on Shadows), to name only a few, dealt with specific subjects, but in each case the subject was given comprehensive treatment. Al-biruni did first to calculation of the Earth's in Tilla Jogian - The highest peak in the Eastern Salt Range in Province of Punjab Pakistan. He capped that particular discussion with a solution to the rather sophisticated spherical trigonometric problem of determining the direction of Mecca along the local horizon at Ghazna. Nevertheless, al-Bīrūnī’s original input is clearly noticeable in almost every chapter. Publication date 1910-06-30 Usage Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 3.0 Topics Religion, Philosophy, Literature, Geography, Chronology, Astronomy, Customs, Laws, Astrology, India Collection opensource Language English. C’est à ce moment qu’il découvre l’Inde et qu’il rédigera l’un des plus importants ouvrage sur l’Inde et de ses religions Description de l’Inde, qu’il achèvera en l’an 1030. A l’âge de 30 ans, Abu Rhan al-Biruni arrive à la conclusion que la Terre est ronde. In that context he wrote of precious metals and gems, which were considered foundational for any economic system, and he wrote of diamonds and their particular social importance. Al-Bīrūnī lived during a period of unusual political turmoil in the eastern Islamic world. He also wrote notable books on chronology and history. Polygotte, il choisit de rédiger ses traités scientifiques en arabe, en alternant cependant parfois avec le persan. Their quality was generally high, but a tendency toward facility can be observed in such buildings…, Abū Naṣr’s pupil al-Bīrūnī (973–1048), who produced a vast amount of high-quality work, was one of the masters in applying these theorems to astronomy and to such problems in mathematical geography as the determination of latitudes and longitudes, the distances between cities, and the direction from one city…. Al Mamun, the Abbassid caliph took special interest in mapping the world so to know what fraction of it was under his own control. For example, in the introduction to his book on gems, al-Bīrūnī gave an elaborate description of man’s place in nature and society and the social need for economic systems. Votre adresse de messagerie ne sera pas publiée. An equally encyclopaedic scientific work is the inimitable Al-Qānūn al-Masʿūdi (“The Masʿūdic Canon”), dedicated to Masʿūd, the son of Maḥmūd of Ghazna, in which al-Bīrūnī gathered together all the astronomical knowledge from such sources as Ptolemy’s Almagest and “Handy Tables” after having had these two particular works updated. See more ideas about mathematician, al biruni… Thus, not only did al-Bīrūnī not miss a chance to demonstrate the very useful role of the mathematical sciences in religion, but he also used the occasion (as he had done in his treatise on astrology) to include other scientific matters. He was a colleague of the fellow philosopher and physician Abū Alī ibn Sīnā (Avicenna), the historian, philosopher and ethicist Ibn Miskawayh, in a university and science center established by prince Abu al-Abbas Ma'mun Khawarazmshah. Ce n’est pas Christophe Colomb qui aurait découvert l’Amérique, mais un autre homme, dont le nom n’apparaîtrait à aucun endroit dans les livres d’histoire. But even if the impulses for geometric design were originally created at the highest intellectual level, the designs themselves rapidly became automatic patterns. Listing al-Bīrūnī’s works is relatively easy, for he himself produced an index of his works up to when he was about 60 years old. Avicenna managed to escape, but al-Bīrūnī did not, and he worked in Ghazna until the end of his life when he was not accompanying Maḥmūd on his campaigns into northern India. Né dans une famille iranienne, Al Biruni a passé les vingt-cinq premières années de sa vie à Kath, en bordure sud de la mer d’Aral. Là, il reçut des enseignements fondamentaux comme les mathématiques par des maîtres de cette discipline et commença à correspondre avec le jeune Ibn Sina, connu en Occident sous le nom dAvicenne. Pour comprendre l’importance de son apport, il faut savoir que 500 ans avant Galilée, il commença a étudier l’hypothèse de la rotation de la Terre autour de son axe et de sa révolution autour du Soleil : ce que l’on appelle la théorie héliocentrique. Help was apparently given, for the next record of al-Bīrūnī is when he was in the company of Qābūs in the city of Gurgān near the Caspian Sea. En savoir plus sur comment les données de vos commentaires sont utilisées.

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